{"id":127,"date":"2019-11-26T08:22:28","date_gmt":"2019-11-26T08:22:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/?p=127"},"modified":"2021-09-07T08:47:02","modified_gmt":"2021-09-07T08:47:02","slug":"tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U QUY TR\u00ccNH CH\u1ebe T\u00c1C M\u1eaaU TRANG S\u1ee8C"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bao gi\u1edd t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 trang s\u1ee9c \u2013 \u0111\u1ed3 kim ho\u00e0n m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7m tay \u0111\u1ec3 khoan ph\u00e1, m\u00e0i d\u0169a kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1c, \u0111\u00e1 qu\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00ean h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfc nh\u1eabn, v\u00f2ng tay?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u1eef trang, c\u1ea7n qua kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1ec9 m\u1eabn m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u, ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y m\u00f3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 <strong>m\u00e1y t\u1ea1o m\u1eabu in 3D trang s\u1ee9c<\/strong>, m\u00e1y gia c\u00f4ng kim ho\u00e0n,\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c m\u1eabu trang s\u1ee9c \u2013 n\u1eef trang n\u00f3i chung, t\u1eeb nh\u1eabn, b\u00f4ng tai, v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eb7t d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n, c\u00e0i \u00e1o, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ri\u00eang m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o!<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a2ad3e8edab8\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a2ad3e8edab8\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/#GIAI_DOAN_TAO_MAU_3D\" >GIAI \u0110O\u1ea0N T\u1ea0O M\u1eaaU 3D<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/#Cach_tao_mau_nu_trang_bang_sap_cung\" >C\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o m\u1eabu n\u1eef trang b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1p c\u1ee9ng<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/#GIAI_DOAN_EP_MO_CAO_SU_MO_SILICON\" >GIAI \u0110O\u1ea0N \u00c9P M\u00d4 CAO SU\/ M\u00d4 SILICON<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/#GIAI_DOAN_CAM_CAY_THONG_BOM_SAP\" >GIAI \u0110O\u1ea0N C\u1eaeM C\u00c2Y TH\u00d4NG, B\u01a0M S\u00c1P<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/#GIAI_DOAN_DUC_TRANG_SUC\" >GIAI \u0110O\u1ea0N \u0110\u00daC TRANG S\u1ee8C<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/#Nung_chay_sap_va_nung_khuon_thach_cao\" >Nung ch\u1ea3y s\u00e1p v\u00e0 nung khu\u00f4n th\u1ea1ch cao<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/#Duc_kim_loai\" >\u0110\u00fac kim lo\u1ea1i<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/#GIAI_DOAN_LAM_NGUOI_NHAN_HOT_DA\" >GIAI \u0110O\u1ea0N L\u00c0M NGU\u1ed8I, NH\u1eacN H\u1ed8T \/ \u0110\u00c1<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/#Giai_doan_lam_nguoi\" >Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/#Giai_doan_nay_can_co_nhung_ki_thuat_co_ban_nhu_sau\" >Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/#_Khoi_va_tam_chiu_nhiet\" >* Kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/#_Chat_tro_dung_han\" >* Ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 dung h\u00e0n<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/#Giai_doan_nhan_hot\" >Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn h\u1ed9t:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/#GIAI_DOAN_DANH_BONG_XI_MA_TRANG_SUC\" >GIAI \u0110O\u1ea0N \u0110\u00c1NH B\u00d3NG, XI, M\u1ea0 TRANG S\u1ee8C<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/#Giai_doan_danh_bong\" >Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/#Giai_doan_xi_ma\" >Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n xi, m\u1ea1<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/#GIAI_DOAN_PHUN_CAT_MOC_MAY\" >GIAI \u0110O\u1ea0N PHUN C\u00c1T, M\u00d3C M\u00c1Y<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/#Cham_khac_moc_may\" >Ch\u1ea1m, kh\u1eafc, m\u00f3c m\u00e1y<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/#Phun_cat\" >Phun c\u00e1t<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/#Yeu_cau_ky_thuat_chung_doi_voi_nhung_quy_trinh_tren\" >Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chung \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng quy tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ean<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/#Nhung_kho_khan_khi_gia_cong_che_tac_nu_trang\" >Nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi gia c\u00f4ng, ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c n\u1eef trang:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"GIAI_DOAN_TAO_MAU_3D\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">GIAI \u0110O\u1ea0N T\u1ea0O M\u1eaaU 3D<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng <strong>thi\u1ebft<\/strong> <strong>k\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1eabu trang<\/strong> <strong>s\u1ee9c<\/strong>. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u01a1 khai nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu trang s\u1ee9c m\u1edbi s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n, c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed hay t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho m\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu v\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng 2D tr\u01b0\u1edbc (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng tay \u2013 b\u00fat ch\u00ec, b\u00fat bi hay c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7m m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 Alias \u2026) sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ebd l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng 3D. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ebd tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c m\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00ean 3D b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 Modela Player 4, 3Ds Max, Rhinoceros, Artcam Jewelsmith \u2026 C\u00e1c m\u1eabu n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh render nh\u01b0 Vray, Hypershot \u2026 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c c\u1ea9n h\u1ed9t, g\u1eafn h\u1ed9t ngay tr\u00ean <strong>m\u00f4<\/strong> <strong>h\u00ecnh<\/strong> <strong>3D<\/strong> \u1ea5y. Khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 <strong>m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu trang s\u1ee9c y nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt theo d\u1ea1ng 3D<\/strong>, v\u1edbi \u0111\u00fang t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 n\u00f3 s\u1ebd h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1ede \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo, m\u1eabu trang s\u1ee9c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t ra cho m\u00e1y ch\u1ea1y kh\u1eafc th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1p c\u1ee9ng. S\u00e1p c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh ng\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y s\u1eadm. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang kh\u00e1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t: cho ph\u00e9p li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n s\u00e1p v\u1edbi nhau, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdt t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng dao, ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng. Sau khi m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i s\u00e1p c\u1ee9ng nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh h\u1ed9p ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft g\u1ecdt tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00e1y t\u00f9y theo h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u1eafp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea1y ra) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00e1y, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e1y kh\u1eafc ra th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd 3D m\u00e0 ch\u00fang d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ba chi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u201chi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00f3a\u201d. Khi \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn h\u1ed9t, ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng, chi ti\u1ebft hoa v\u0103n\u2026 c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, v\u00e0 s\u1eeda n\u00f3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean kh\u1ed1i s\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach_tao_mau_nu_trang_bang_sap_cung\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o m\u1eabu n\u1eef trang b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1p c\u1ee9ng<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">+ M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1p c\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t<\/strong> l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng tay, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 c\u00f3 tay ngh\u1ec1 cao v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o, t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9, ch\u0103m ch\u00fat t\u1eebng chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf. \u1ede b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd v\u1ea1ch d\u1ea5u tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u00e1p nguy\u00ean, t\u1ea1o k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a chi ti\u1ebft. S\u00e1p c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng: s\u00e1p kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 s\u00e1p tr\u1ee5. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u00f4ng tai hay m\u1eb7t d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n, th\u1ee3 s\u1ebd gia c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang tr\u00ean mi\u1ebfng s\u00e1p d\u1ea1ng t\u1ea5m hay kh\u1ed1i d\u00e0y, c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eabn hay v\u00f2ng, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb lo\u1ea1i s\u00e1p th\u1ee9 hai \u2013 d\u1ea1ng \u1ed1ng tr\u1ee5. Khi gia c\u00f4ng chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1eabn, th\u1ee3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng tay nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y ti\u1ec7n c\u1ee1 nh\u1ecf, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i quay m\u00e1y ti\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng tay. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111o v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9nh dao \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc. Lo\u1ea1i s\u00e1p c\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo ho\u1eb7c mu\u1ed1n s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i chi ti\u1ebft (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh kh\u1eafc qu\u00e1 s\u00e2u), th\u1ee3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p th\u00eam nhi\u1ec7t cho s\u00e1p b\u1eb1ng m\u0169i h\u00e0n s\u00e1p. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 s\u1ebd h\u01a1 n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea7u m\u0169i h\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda \u0111\u00e8n c\u1ed3n, sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea5m v\u00e0o s\u00e1p d\u01b0 r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eafp v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 c\u00f2n s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u01b0a g\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7u m\u0169i h\u00e0n (l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u01b0a lo\u1ea1i m\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf, d\u00f9ng cho trang s\u1ee9c).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u1edf kh\u00e2u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 dao m\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec1u k\u00edch c\u1ee1, l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u01b0a s\u00e1p nh\u1ecf, m\u0169i kim, gi\u0169a, khoan nh\u1ecf, nh\u00edp, c\u1ecd qu\u00e9t, m\u00e1y ti\u1ec7n c\u1ee1 nh\u1ecf \u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1418\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1418\" class=\"wp-image-1418 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1418\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a th\u1ee3 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh s\u00e1p c\u1ee9ng<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_1420\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1420\" class=\"wp-image-1420 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1420\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">H\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u00e1p: s\u00e1p kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 s\u00e1p h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5, c\u00f9ng gi\u1ea5y nh\u00e1m m\u1ecbn lo\u1ea1i t\u1eeb 800 \u2013 1500.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">B\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a th\u1ee3 t\u1ea1o m\u1eabu s\u00e1p v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 33%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-127 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-thumbnail'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc-5\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T\u00ecm-Hi\u1ec3u-Quy-Tr\u00ecnh-Ch\u1ebf-T\u00e1c-M\u1eabu-Trang-S\u1ee9c-5-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T\u00ecm-Hi\u1ec3u-Quy-Tr\u00ecnh-Ch\u1ebf-T\u00e1c-M\u1eabu-Trang-S\u1ee9c-5.jpg 150w, https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T\u00ecm-Hi\u1ec3u-Quy-Tr\u00ecnh-Ch\u1ebf-T\u00e1c-M\u1eabu-Trang-S\u1ee9c-5-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc-4\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T\u00ecm-Hi\u1ec3u-Quy-Tr\u00ecnh-Ch\u1ebf-T\u00e1c-M\u1eabu-Trang-S\u1ee9c-4-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T\u00ecm-Hi\u1ec3u-Quy-Tr\u00ecnh-Ch\u1ebf-T\u00e1c-M\u1eabu-Trang-S\u1ee9c-4.jpg 150w, https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T\u00ecm-Hi\u1ec3u-Quy-Tr\u00ecnh-Ch\u1ebf-T\u00e1c-M\u1eabu-Trang-S\u1ee9c-4-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc-3\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T\u00ecm-Hi\u1ec3u-Quy-Tr\u00ecnh-Ch\u1ebf-T\u00e1c-M\u1eabu-Trang-S\u1ee9c-3-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T\u00ecm-Hi\u1ec3u-Quy-Tr\u00ecnh-Ch\u1ebf-T\u00e1c-M\u1eabu-Trang-S\u1ee9c-3.jpg 150w, https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T\u00ecm-Hi\u1ec3u-Quy-Tr\u00ecnh-Ch\u1ebf-T\u00e1c-M\u1eabu-Trang-S\u1ee9c-3-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 hai<\/strong>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh <strong>m\u1eabu v\u1ebd 3D tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/strong>, sao \u0111\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t sang cho m\u00e1y t\u1ea1o m\u1eabu ch\u1ea1y t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. M\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu s\u00e1p ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u00fang ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n 3D. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1ee3c khi c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t cho m\u00e1y ch\u1ea1y t\u1ea1o m\u1eabu th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 sai s\u1ed1 c\u1ed9ng tr\u1eeb 3% so v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. L\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh m\u1eabu, m\u1eabu s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee3 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i cho s\u1ea1ch h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft th\u1eeba hay s\u00e1p c\u00f2n d\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i (th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u00e1 v\u01a1), v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00e0n, gi\u0169a, c\u1eaft, g\u1ecdt \u2026 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eabu s\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 tinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng cao nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu trang s\u1ee9c th\u1eadt s\u1ef1, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1p th\u00f4i!<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1424\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1424\" class=\"wp-image-1424 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1424\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u00e1y ch\u1ea1y t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean s\u00e1p c\u1ee9ng \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_1425\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1425\" class=\"wp-image-1425 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"256\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1425\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ed9t m\u1eabu nh\u1eabn s\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_1426\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1426\" class=\"wp-image-1426 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"207\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1426\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ed9t m\u1eabu s\u00e1p v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e1y ch\u1ea1y ra xong.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 ba:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y in 3D kim ho\u00e0n t\u1ea1o ra m\u1eabu t\u1eeb file thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf 3D. D\u00f2ng m\u00e1y ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 M\u00e1y in 3D resin Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00e1y in c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c \u00dd,\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p in 3D l\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1eabu s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Ngo\u00e0i ra, chi ph\u00ed gia c\u00f4ng m\u1eabu n\u1eef trang b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t r\u1ebb!<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1464\" style=\"width: 661px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1464\" class=\"wp-image-1464 \" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-46.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"651\" height=\"407\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1464\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m in ra t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u1ea1o m\u1eabu n\u1eef trang v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00fac t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh n\u00f3!<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem nh\u01b0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 \u2013 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 Blogin3D.com \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 tay v\u00e0 m\u00e1y. N\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u00eam s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng tay, th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y \u2013 nh\u1eefng con s\u00e1p ch\u1ea1y ra coi nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf, c\u1ea7n th\u00eam s\u1ef1 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4i tay th\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft \u1ea5y (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: v\u1ea3y r\u1ed3ng, m\u1eaft h\u1ed5, t\u1eebng c\u00e1nh hoa ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau\u2026). N\u00f3i theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1ebd tr\u00ean 3D v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e1y ch\u1ea1y ra. \u0110\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o qu\u00e1 chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f4i tay thao t\u00e1c th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh kh\u1eafc th\u00eam d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1eabu s\u00e1p do m\u00e1y ch\u1ea1y ra \u1ea5y. Theo quan s\u00e1t, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng tay th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 tinh x\u1ea3o, nh\u00ecn c\u00f3 h\u1ed3n v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a hai lo\u1ea1i s\u00e1p: s\u00e1p c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 s\u00e1p m\u1ec1m. S\u00e1p c\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 s\u00e1p t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh \u2013 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh ng\u1ecdc hay xanh l\u00e1, v\u00e0 s\u00e1p m\u1ec1m d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00fac \u2013 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u1edf m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng. S\u00e1p m\u1ec1m c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u00e1p l\u1ecfng, v\u00ec n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf d\u1ea1ng l\u1ecfng, cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m v\u00e0o m\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ngu\u1ed9i th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i (xem th\u00eam \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 3 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi).<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"GIAI_DOAN_EP_MO_CAO_SU_MO_SILICON\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">GIAI \u0110O\u1ea0N \u00c9P M\u00d4 CAO SU\/ M\u00d4 SILICON<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu trang s\u1ee9c thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i \u201c\u0111\u1ed9c b\u1ea3n\u201d, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch. Nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn, c\u00e1c trang s\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn, ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t. Khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1i ta c\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u khu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00fac ra nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eabu s\u00e1p, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111em \u0111\u00fac c\u1ea3 c\u00e2y v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Khu\u00f4n trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u00f4. Vi\u1ec7c \u00e9p khu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00e9p m\u00f4.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4, th\u1ef1c ra l\u00e0 m\u00f4 l\u00e0m t\u1eeb hai ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau: m\u00f4 cao su v\u00e0 m\u00f4 silicon. Hai m\u00f4 n\u00e0y nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngay, do c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u00f4 silicon c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng trong v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 m\u00f4 cao su c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng v\u00e0 m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u. Ch\u00fang c\u00f2n kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf ch\u1ed7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng: m\u00f4 cao su c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 m\u1eabu s\u00e1p l\u1eabn c\u00e1c m\u1eabu b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i (v\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1c \u2026) trong khi m\u00f4 cao su kh\u00f4ng \u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eabu s\u00e1p, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eabu kim lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda m\u00f4 silicon c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n m\u00f4 cao su, do ch\u00fang c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 s\u1eeda khi m\u00f4 b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i nh\u1ecf). D\u00f9 l\u00e0 m\u00f4 n\u00e0o th\u00ec l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1edbi \u00e9p ra c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n, sau \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee3 t\u00e1ch ra l\u00e0m \u0111\u00f4i b\u1eb1ng dao m\u1ed5. T\u00e1ch ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u1edbi l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu cao su \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m trong \u0111\u00f3 ra.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1427\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1427\" class=\"wp-image-1427 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-9.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1427\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Hai lo\u1ea1i khu\u00f4n\/ m\u00f4: silicon (lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eafng trong, ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng b\u00ean tr\u00e1i, n\u1eb1m ph\u00eda tr\u00ean) v\u00e0 cao su (c\u00e1c m\u00f4 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i).<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_1428\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1428\" class=\"wp-image-1428 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-10.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"211\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1428\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u1eadn c\u1ea3nh m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 cao su \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft \u0111\u00f4i. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 l\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01a1m s\u00e1p v\u00e0o, l\u1ed7 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng b\u01a1m c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y b\u01a1m s\u00e1p<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1eabu kim lo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111em \u00e9p m\u00f4 cao su ban \u0111\u1ea7u, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 h\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1 th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i th\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1 ra, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 v\u1ebft tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng b\u1eb1ng gi\u1ea5y nh\u00e1m m\u1ecbn 1200 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a. B\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c r\u00e3nh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn (\u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn s\u00e1p v\u00e0o trong) v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed ch\u00fang ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cho s\u00e1p l\u1ecfng ch\u1ea3y qua. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c r\u00e3nh qu\u00e1 h\u1eb9p hay g\u00f3c nghi\u00eang l\u1edbn, s\u00e1p s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u1edf kh\u00e2u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m: t\u1ea5m cao su ho\u1eb7c silicon (H14), c\u00e1c khung nh\u00f4m (H13), dao m\u1ed5, k\u00e9o, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u h\u00f3a \u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1429\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1429\" class=\"wp-image-1429 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-11.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"209\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1429\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ed9t khung nh\u00f4m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u00e9p m\u00f4 silicon hay cao su<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m cao su ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft sao cho kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t trong khung nh\u00f4m. Ti\u1ebfp theo, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd b\u00f3c l\u1edbp nh\u1ef1a b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m cao su, ch\u00e8n ch\u00fang v\u00e0o cho cao \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda khung. \u0110\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp trang s\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m m\u1eabu v\u00e0o khung sao cho \u1ed1ng r\u00f3t kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi l\u1ed7 r\u00f3t \u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u khung. \u0110\u1eb7t n\u1ed1t c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m cao su c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o khung cho \u0111\u1ea7y. K\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp, ta ph\u1ea3i l\u00f3t l\u1edbp cao su m\u1ecfng l\u00ean hai t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 khi nung n\u00f3ng cao th\u00ec cao su kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb d\u00ednh.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1430\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1430\" class=\"wp-image-1430 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-12.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"215\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1430\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m cao su chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111em \u00e9p m\u00f4<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ch\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0a khung v\u00e0o trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u h\u00f3a. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn 150 \u0111\u1ed9 C th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3ng ch\u1eb7t c\u1eeda thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u h\u00f3a. Th\u1eddi gian l\u01b0u h\u00f3a d\u00e0i hay ng\u1eafn l\u00e0 t\u00f9y theo c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau l\u1edbp cao su \u0111\u00e3 \u00e9p trong khung \u2013 c\u1ee9 kho\u1ea3ng 2,5 ph\u00fat cho 1mm. Sau th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eaft v\u00e0 khung \u0111\u1ec3 ngu\u1ed9i d\u1ea7n. L\u1ea5y khu\u00f4n cao su ra (ho\u1eb7c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u00f4), d\u00f9ng dao m\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch v\u00e0 c\u1eaft khu\u00f4n l\u00e0m \u0111\u00f4i, th\u00e1o \u1ed1ng r\u00f3t. Khu\u00f4n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c m\u1eabu s\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"GIAI_DOAN_CAM_CAY_THONG_BOM_SAP\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">GIAI \u0110O\u1ea0N C\u1eaeM C\u00c2Y TH\u00d4NG, B\u01a0M S\u00c1P<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">+ B\u01a1m s\u00e1p:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u00e1y b\u01a1m (phun) s\u00e1p Vacuum Wac Injector. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9t ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u1ed5 h\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 hay d\u00f9ng keo x\u1ecbt silicon \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ecbt v\u00e0o c\u00e1i m\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 b\u1ecb b\u1ecbt l\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa hai l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a m\u00f4. \u0110\u00f3ng m\u00f4 l\u1ea1i cho kh\u1edbp, xong \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00f4 v\u00e0 hai mi\u1ebfng mica \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb, s\u00e1t m\u1ed9t m\u00e9p. (T\u00f9y theo khu\u00f4n\/ m\u00f4 d\u00e0y hay m\u1ecfng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t hay hai t\u1ea5m mica). Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ea9y to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u00f4 v\u00e0 mica v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y b\u01a1m s\u00e1p. Ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1eb7t sao cho l\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng r\u00f3t c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m m\u00f4 (\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea1ch th\u00e0nh r\u00e3nh b\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn s\u00e1p l\u1ecfng \u2013 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u00ean) kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng b\u01a1m s\u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e1p l\u1ecfng s\u1ebd b\u01a1m v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n, v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y m\u00e1y. Sau kho\u1ea3ng 5 gi\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01a1m xong, m\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y ra v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ngu\u1ed9i cho s\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f4ng kh\u00f4 l\u1ea1i. Theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3, kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y \u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1eebng m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Khi b\u01a1m s\u00e1p, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e1p l\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c <em>b\u01a1m \u0111\u1ea7y <\/em>v\u00e0<em> b\u01a1m \u0111\u1ee7<\/em> v\u00e0o trong m\u00f4, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00e0o ra c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1eabu c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 nhau. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u00ec s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu b\u01a1m b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i. S\u00e1p sau khi \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y ra kh\u1ecfi m\u00f4 (c\u00e1c th\u1ee3 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng <em>con s\u00e1p<\/em>) ph\u1ea3i qua ti\u1ebfp m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u1eefa l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra, ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00e0n s\u00e1p hay g\u1ecdt gi\u0169a. Nh\u1eefng con s\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng, tuy kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 s\u00e1p c\u1ee9ng kia nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a th\u1ee3 th\u00ec, vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu b\u1ecb b\u01a1m h\u01b0 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu n\u00e0o \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n m\u1edbi \u00edt b\u1ecb h\u01b0, c\u00f2n h\u01a1i ph\u00fac t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u chi ti\u1ebft th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">+ C\u1eafm c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean t\u00f4i xin gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>~ \u201cC\u1eafm c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng\u201d<\/strong> l\u00e0 c\u00e1i t\u00ean h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng con s\u00e1p \u1edf tr\u00ean v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng r\u00f3t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111em \u0111\u00fac. L\u00ed do g\u1ecdi ch\u00fang l\u00e0 \u201cc\u1eafm c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng\u201d, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00ec khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng con s\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eafm \u0111\u1ec1u nhau tr\u00ean \u1ed1ng r\u00f3t v\u00e0 ch\u0129a ra ngo\u00e0i, nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>~ L\u00e1p:<\/strong> Th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e1p l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ed1ng h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee5c l\u1ed7 tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n, l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 nung, l\u00f2 \u0111\u00fac, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng s\u1eaft. B\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e1p v\u00e0nh tr\u00f2n x\u00f2e ra th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ebf l\u1edbn v\u00e0 d\u00e0y h\u01a1n ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean. L\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1eb7t mua v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. L\u00e1p c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1eeb to \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1ecf, t\u00f9y theo t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1i n\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e1c m\u1eabu s\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng r\u00f3t ch\u00ednh. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u1ed1ng r\u00f3t n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng con s\u00e1p \u2013 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u01a1m s\u00e1p l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u1ed1ng tr\u1ee5. \u1ed0ng r\u00f3t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ebf cao su tr\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c con s\u00e1p ri\u00eang r\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng nhau qua c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh r\u00f3t \u2013 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e1nh ph\u1ee5 ch\u0129a ra t\u1eeb \u1ed1ng r\u00f3t ch\u00ednh. Khi c\u1eafm, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1eafm c\u00e1c m\u1eabu s\u00e1p nh\u1ecf \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1eafm c\u00e1c m\u1eabu l\u1edbn \u1edf ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi. H\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1eafm l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00eang l\u00ean tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1431\" style=\"width: 234px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1431\" class=\"wp-image-1431 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-13.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"224\" height=\"299\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1431\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ed9t c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng c\u1eafm ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fap v\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1ede kh\u00e2u n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch s\u1ebd \u0111em c\u00e2n c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng (l\u00fac n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 g\u1eafn \u0111\u1ebf), t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00fac. T\u00f9y theo kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00fac l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i g\u00ec, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd nh\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 b\u1ea1c th\u00ec nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi 11, n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u00e0ng 18 kara th\u00ec nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi 16 (ho\u1eb7c theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ee3 l\u00e0 15)\u2026 Khi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00fac r\u1ed3i, con s\u1ed1 \u1ea5y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u00e1o cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u2013 c\u1ea3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1eabn gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1432 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-14.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"287\" height=\"215\"><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1433\" style=\"width: 295px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1433\" class=\"wp-image-1433 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-15.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"285\" height=\"209\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1433\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1ebf c\u1eafm c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng r\u00f3t b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_1434\" style=\"width: 248px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1434\" class=\"wp-image-1434 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-16.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"238\" height=\"299\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1434\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e9p ra m\u00f4 cao su hay silicon.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_1435\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1435\" class=\"wp-image-1435 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-17.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"214\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1435\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u00e1y b\u01a1m s\u00e1p v\u00e0o m\u00f4.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1436 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-18.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1437 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-19.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"240\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>M\u00f4 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u00e1y b\u01a1m s\u00e1p, \u1ed1ng b\u01a1m \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o l\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01a1m s\u00e1p v\u00e0o. N\u1ebfu nh\u00ecn k\u0129 ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00f4 l\u00e0 1 \u2013 2 t\u1ea5m mica trong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f3t nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 l\u00ean ngang t\u1ea7m \u1ed1ng b\u01a1m.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1438\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1438\" class=\"wp-image-1438 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-20.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"218\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1438\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Th\u1ee3 \u0111ang c\u1eafm nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc nh\u1eabn s\u00e1p l\u00ean c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_1439\" style=\"width: 255px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1439\" class=\"wp-image-1439 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-21.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"245\" height=\"299\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1439\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e2y th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eafm ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_1440\" style=\"width: 248px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1440\" class=\"wp-image-1440 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-22.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"238\" height=\"299\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1440\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ed9t m\u1eabu s\u00e1p b\u1ecb b\u01a1m h\u01b0<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1ede b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo, \u201cc\u00e2y th\u00f4ng\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eafm v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ebf cao su tr\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t bao quanh c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn l\u00e1p c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebf cao su v\u00e0 c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3, \u00fap v\u00e0o, g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebf cao su \u0111\u00f3, d\u00e1n k\u00edn b\u0103ng keo xung quanh \u2013 ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt k\u00edn, qu\u1ea5n ch\u1eb7t thun \u1edf ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1y. Khi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn, c\u00e1c l\u00e1p c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang t\u1edbi ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u00fac.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">T\u00f9y theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch c\u1ea7n bao nhi\u00eau h\u00e0ng \u2013 m\u1ed9t hai c\u00e1i hay r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1i, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u2026 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 s\u1ebd t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u00fac l\u00e1p to hay l\u00e1p nh\u1ecf, v\u00ec l\u00e1p c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang kh\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, t\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau l\u00e1p. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau n\u00ean s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">* \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu trang s\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00f3 g\u1eafn h\u1ed9t l\u00ean, th\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1eafm c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng con s\u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu trang s\u1ee9c \u1ea5y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn h\u1ed9t l\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u2013 \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed y nh\u01b0 khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1eadt. Sau khi g\u1eafn l\u00ean xong r\u1ed3i, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eafm l\u00ean c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng, quy tr\u00ecnh y nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng g\u1eafn \u0111\u00e1 kh\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady khi \u0111\u00fac ra trang s\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i qu\u00fd (\u1edf c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n sau), nh\u1eefng h\u1ed9t \u1ea5y s\u1ebd \u0111\u00ednh s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m lu\u00f4n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m ki\u1ec3u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fac h\u1eb3n ra th\u00e0nh kim lo\u1ea1i th\u1eadt r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi g\u1eafn h\u1ed9t l\u00ean sau.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1441\" style=\"width: 194px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1441\" class=\"wp-image-1441 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-23.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"184\" height=\"240\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1441\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ed9t c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eafm xong g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng con s\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eafn s\u1eb5n h\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1 l\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1eafm c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i trang s\u1ee9c: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eafm c\u1ea3 nh\u1eabn, v\u00f2ng, b\u00f4ng tai, m\u1eb7t d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"GIAI_DOAN_DUC_TRANG_SUC\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">GIAI \u0110O\u1ea0N \u0110\u00daC TRANG S\u1ee8C<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nung_chay_sap_va_nung_khuon_thach_cao\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nung ch\u1ea3y s\u00e1p v\u00e0 nung khu\u00f4n th\u1ea1ch cao<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 \u1edf x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00fac s\u1ebd \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea1ch cao c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5 khu\u00f4n. Th\u1ea1ch cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha theo t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 1gram th\u1ea1ch cao v\u1edbi 40cc n\u01b0\u1edbc, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khu\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y khu\u1ea5y cho th\u1ea1ch cao tan \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ebft. Ti\u1ebfp theo, th\u1ee3 s\u1ebd b\u1ecf ch\u1eadu th\u1ea1ch cao v\u00e0o m\u00e1y h\u00fat ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb 1-2 ph\u00fat. Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ea1ch cao tr\u00ean, sau khi l\u1ea5y ra kh\u1ecfi m\u00e1y, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u00e1p \u2013 l\u00fac n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n l\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdc k\u00edn, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea1ch cao s\u1ebd ch\u1ea3y tr\u00e0n ra ngo\u00e0i. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c l\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o m\u00e1y h\u00fat ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00fat h\u1ebft b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ecdng trong l\u00e1p \u2013 n\u1ebfu c\u00f2n b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed v\u00e0 b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed \u1ea5y ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1eabu s\u00e1p, th\u00ec s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i khi \u0111\u00fac. M\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp, khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00fat h\u1ebft, ta s\u1ebd ch\u1edd cho th\u1ea1ch cao \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c r\u1ed3i kh\u00f4 h\u1eb3n. Th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd l\u00e2u hay mau l\u00e0 t\u00f9y theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb 1 \u2013 2 ti\u1ebfng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Khi th\u1ea1ch cao trong l\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4 h\u1eb3n, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i, l\u00fac n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 m\u1edbi d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n g\u1ee1 l\u1edbp b\u0103ng keo b\u1ecdc b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng ra, cho v\u00e0o l\u00f2 nung t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u00e1p trong khu\u00f4n ch\u1ea3y ra h\u1ebft. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 nung \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y kho\u1ea3ng 300 \u0111\u1ed9 C.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 nung cho s\u00e1p ch\u1ea3y ra h\u1ebft, ta ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cho v\u00e0o l\u00f2 nung th\u1ea1ch cao t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch nung cho khu\u00f4n th\u1ea1ch cao ch\u00edn. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 nung l\u00fac n\u00e0y kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 650 \u0111\u1ebfn 750 \u0111\u1ed9 C. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn trong v\u00e0i gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 r\u1ea1n n\u1ee9t x\u1ea3y ra cho khu\u00f4n.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1442\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1442\" class=\"wp-image-1442 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-24.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"211\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1442\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1edd cho khu\u00f4n th\u1ea1ch cao trong l\u00e1p kh\u00f4 h\u1eb3n<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_1443\" style=\"width: 244px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1443\" class=\"wp-image-1443 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-25.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"234\" height=\"299\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1443\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">L\u00f2 nung th\u1ea1ch cao, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u00e1p ch\u1ee9a th\u1ea1ch cao trong l\u00f2 \u0111ang ch\u00edn d\u1ea7n.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Duc_kim_loai\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u00fac kim lo\u1ea1i<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00fac kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3 sau khi l\u1ea5y ra kh\u1ecfi l\u00f2. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c nhau l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00f9y theo kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fac. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u00e0ng, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p c\u1ea7n duy tr\u00ec l\u00e0 600 \u0111\u1ed9 C trong m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1ea5y kh\u1ecfi l\u00f2, v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c duy tr\u00ec \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng 450 \u2013 600 \u0111\u1ed9 C sau khi l\u1ea5y ra kh\u1ecfi l\u00f2. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1c trong c\u1ea3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u00ec th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0ng kho\u1ea3ng 100 \u0111\u1ed9 C.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1444\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1444\" class=\"wp-image-1444 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-26.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"213\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1444\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Kh\u00e8 l\u1eeda v\u00e0o ch\u00e9n n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y kim lo\u1ea1i<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_1445\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1445\" class=\"wp-image-1445 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-27.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"221\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1445\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">R\u00f3t kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sau khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t cho l\u00e1p ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00e1p v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00fac. L\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111em t\u1eeb ph\u00f2ng \u00e9p m\u00f4 xu\u1ed1ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00edt. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edd s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e1p l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00fac m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, ho\u1eb7c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00fac ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i l\u00e1p m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n th\u00f4i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110i\u1ec1u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u quy tr\u00ecnh h\u1ee3p kim h\u00f3a. B\u1ea1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 dung l\u00e0 ba th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 khi chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb h\u1ee3p kim h\u00f3a. Th\u1ee3 kim ho\u00e0n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi n\u00f4m na vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p kim l\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u201ch\u1ed9i\u201d v\u00e0ng t\u00e2y (h\u1ee3p kim \u2013 alloy).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">* M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim v\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1c:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u2013 V\u00e0ng t\u00e2y 18 kara th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kim h\u00f3a v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda b\u1ea1c. Theo c\u00e1c t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, v\u00e0ng t\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u0103ng, v\u00e0ng t\u00e2y s\u1ebd ng\u1ea3 sang m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea1c t\u0103ng, v\u00e0ng t\u00e2y s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng s\u00e1ng. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m cho v\u00e0ng t\u00e2y l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0ng 99.99% (g\u1ea7n 100%) g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00e0ng 24k (ch\u00fang c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng \u00e1nh kim \u0111\u1eadm nh\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1 m\u1ec1m n\u00ean n\u1eef trang l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0ng 24K l\u00e0 v\u00e0ng tinh khi\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00ec kh\u00f3 g\u1eafn \u0111\u00e1 qu\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng). V\u1eady th\u00ec h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m theo s\u1ed1 \u201ck\u201d t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. C\u00e1ch t\u00ednh: l\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 \u201ck\u201d chia cho 24 s\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201ctu\u1ed5i\u201d v\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0ng\u00a0 <\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">21 K<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">87,5%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">18 K<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">75%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">14 K<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">58,5%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">10 K<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">41,6%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">9 K<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">37,5%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">T\u00f9y theo qu\u1ed1c gia, v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 hay \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0ng t\u00e2y kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e0i v\u00e0ng 14k trong khi \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Canada l\u1ea1i th\u00edch v\u00e0ng 21k. C\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p th\u00ec d\u00f9ng 18k. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 x\u00e0i v\u00e0ng 9k v\u00e0 10k. Vi\u1ec7t nam \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng 24k v\u00e0 18k. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0ng 18k \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t nam c\u00f3 3 lo\u1ea1i: lo\u1ea1i 75%, lo\u1ea1i 70% v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i 68%.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u2013 V\u00e0ng tr\u1eafng l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim h\u00f3a v\u1edbi palladi, b\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 niken. Ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 r\u00e8n, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n hay c\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1 qu\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u2013 B\u1ea1c l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo cao v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t m\u1ec1m \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i tinh khi\u1ebft, h\u01a1i kh\u00f3 t\u1ea1o m\u1eabu. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ea1c s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee3p kim h\u00f3a v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n xong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p kim h\u00f3a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 cho kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0o ch\u00e9n n\u1ea5u, th\u00eam m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat h\u00e0n the v\u00e0o r\u1ed3i d\u00f9ng m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed1t kh\u00e8 l\u1eeda v\u00e0o ch\u00e9n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y kim lo\u1ea1i. Nh\u1eefng ch\u00e9n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00fac. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft, lo\u1ea1i ch\u00e9n t\u1ed1t th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1ch cao, c\u00f2n n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t nung c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao, v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecf s\u1eabm khi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y kim lo\u1ea1i. B\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo, h\u1ee3p kim n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f3t v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n. \u0110\u1ec3 khu\u00f4n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong v\u00e0i ph\u00fat r\u1ed3i \u0111em nh\u00fang l\u00e1p v\u00e0o trong n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn khu\u00f4n th\u1ea1ch cao b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t, v\u1ee1 ra. Khi \u0111\u00f3, ta s\u1ebd thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fac l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hay nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eabu trang s\u1ee9c th\u00f4 (b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh kim lo\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00fac) ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdt gi\u0169a c\u00f2n d\u00ednh tr\u00ean c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eefa l\u00e0 kh\u1eed l\u1edbp oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch r\u1eeda trong dung d\u1ecbch axit. C\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u1edbp oxy h\u00f3a n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n sau. Dung d\u1ecbch 20% acid sulfuric th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eeda v\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1eeda, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nung n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1446\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1446\" class=\"wp-image-1446 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-28.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"204\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1446\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Khu\u00f4n sau khi \u0111\u00e3 r\u00f3t kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_1447\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1447\" class=\"wp-image-1447 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-29.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"187\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1447\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u00e9n \u0111ang d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea5u kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh an to\u00e0n khi r\u1eeda kim lo\u1ea1i:<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Khi pha dung d\u1ecbch, ph\u1ea3i r\u00f3t acid v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc ngu\u1ed9i, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">H\u01a1i acid c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00ednh cao n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c pha ch\u1ebf c\u1ea7n \u1edf n\u01a1i th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, axit c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i mang k\u00ednh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, g\u0103ng cao su v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1448\" style=\"width: 233px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1448\" class=\"wp-image-1448 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-30.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"223\" height=\"151\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1448\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nh\u1eefng th\u1ecfi b\u1ea1c \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch axit \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi l\u00e0m sao ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng trang s\u1ee9c \u2013 n\u1eef trang n\u00e0y sau khi ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c xong, c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0, l\u00fac ch\u1ebf \u201ch\u1ed9i\u201d v\u00e0ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1edbc tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0ng, bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd ch\u1ebf n\u00f3 ra bao nhi\u00eau tu\u1ed5i, b\u1ec1n trong bao l\u00e2u \u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"GIAI_DOAN_LAM_NGUOI_NHAN_HOT_DA\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">GIAI \u0110O\u1ea0N L\u00c0M NGU\u1ed8I, NH\u1eacN H\u1ed8T \/ \u0110\u00c1<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giai_doan_lam_nguoi\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i:<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 l\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft cho m\u00f3n trang s\u1ee9c. K\u1ebft th\u00fac qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fac ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e1nh, tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 c\u1eafm nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu trang s\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00fac th\u00e0nh kim lo\u1ea1i th\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i ch\u00fang c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t th\u00f4 s\u01a1, x\u1ea5u x\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111en \u0111\u00faa, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd v\u00e0 tinh t\u1ebf h\u01a1n. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 b\u1ea1c, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng b\u00e0n tay kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o v\u00e0 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u0103m ch\u00fat t\u1eebng chi ti\u1ebft (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3) cho trang s\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu th\u00f4 \u1ea5y, c\u00e1c th\u1ee3 b\u1ea1c s\u1ebd ng\u00e2m v\u00e0o h\u00e0n the \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 c\u00f2n d\u00ednh tr\u00ean m\u1eabu tr\u00f3c ra h\u1ebft. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft l\u1ed3i l\u00f5m hay c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c g\u1ecdt, gi\u0169a, c\u1ea1o, ch\u00e0 nh\u00e1m, m\u00e0i, khoan hay h\u00e0n l\u1ea1i\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giai_doan_nay_can_co_nhung_ki_thuat_co_ban_nhu_sau\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>\u2013 Gi\u0169a:<\/em> Th\u1ee3 b\u1ea1c ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn gi\u0169a c\u00f3 k\u00edch c\u1ee1, c\u1ee1 r\u0103ng, ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n (tr\u00f2n, vu\u00f4ng, ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt, tam gi\u00e1c\u2026) ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00f3n trang s\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n gi\u0169a. \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a gi\u0169a ph\u1ea3i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gia c\u00f4ng, c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i gi\u0169a chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng cho t\u1eebng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng \u2026 \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch gi\u0169a sau khi gia c\u00f4ng xong, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng x\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eeda, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p d\u00f9ng d\u1ea7u. Ngo\u00e0i ra, gi\u0169a c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1ch xa c\u00e1c h\u01a1i n\u00f3ng, nh\u01b0 m\u1ecf h\u00e0n, l\u00f2 nung, \u0111\u00e8n c\u1ed3n\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>\u2013 Ch\u00e0 gi\u1ea5y nh\u00e1m: <\/em>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0i gi\u0169a s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ebft tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 b\u1ea1c ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng gi\u1ea5y nh\u00e1m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u00edch c\u1ee1, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y h\u1ed9t kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5y. \u0110\u1ed9 th\u00f4 hay m\u1ecbn c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea5y nh\u00e1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 150 \u2013 1200. \u1ede b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9, d\u00f9 gi\u0169a hay ch\u00e0 nh\u00e1m \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 ch\u00fa \u00fd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m s\u00e2u th\u00eam c\u00e1c v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc. Ngo\u00e0i ra, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e0 b\u00f3ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb m\u00e1y m\u00f3c: d\u00e1n gi\u1ea5y nh\u00e1m l\u00ean thanh g\u1ed7 ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng b\u00e1nh quay \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e0 b\u00f3ng, s\u1ebd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m gi\u1ea5y. N\u00f3i chung, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 m\u00e1y l\u1eabn tay, t\u00f9y theo t\u1eebng ch\u1ed7 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 s\u1ebd linh ho\u1ea1t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>\u2013 C\u01b0a:<\/em> l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ea3i c\u0103n c\u1ee9 theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n c\u1eaft, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i m\u1ecfng b\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u01b0a d\u00e0y v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c r\u0103ng c\u01b0a l\u1edbn h\u01a1n chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i, l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u01b0a co th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t v\u00e0 g\u00e3y. Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ea7n c\u01b0a v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1c thu\u1eadn chi\u1ec1u v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a r\u0103ng c\u01b0a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>\u2013 Khoan, m\u00e0i:<\/em> Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 nh\u1ecf, c\u00f3 tr\u1ee5c m\u1ec1m, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u01a1 treo. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 b\u1ea1c s\u1ebd l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u0169i kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 m\u0169i khoan, m\u0169i n\u1ea1o, m\u0169i m\u00e0i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gia c\u00f4ng chi ti\u1ebft cho ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1449\" style=\"width: 230px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1449\" class=\"wp-image-1449 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-31.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"220\" height=\"300\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1449\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u01b0a t\u1ea1o l\u1ed7 hay c\u01b0a t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1450 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-32.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"162\" height=\"161\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>\u2013 H\u00e0n:<\/em> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o li\u00ean k\u1ebft b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. C\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7n cho quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed1t ga, kh\u1ed1i\/ t\u1ea5m ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t, ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 dung h\u00e0n, m\u1ecf h\u00e0n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u2026 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecfi h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 kim ho\u00e0n th\u1eadt c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda t\u1eeb m\u1ecf h\u00e0n, sao cho n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i kh\u1edbp.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1451\" style=\"width: 172px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1451\" class=\"wp-image-1451 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-33.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"162\" height=\"157\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1451\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda t\u1eeb m\u1ecf h\u00e0n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 3000 \u0111\u1ed9 C.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_Khoi_va_tam_chiu_nhiet\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">* Kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t khi h\u00e0n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 kh\u1ed1i s\u1ee3i g\u1ed1m, khung l\u01b0\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i, t\u1ea5m xoay hay t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ee1 b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ecbu l\u1eeda.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Khung l\u01b0\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u khi h\u00e0n, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0n c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n l\u1edbn. Kh\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng than \u0111\u00e1 th\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n do \u00edt g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 oxy h\u00f3a, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1452\" style=\"width: 242px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1452\" class=\"wp-image-1452 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-34.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"232\" height=\"134\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1452\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i hay t\u1ea5m ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi h\u00e0n<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_Chat_tro_dung_han\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">* Ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 dung h\u00e0n<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 dung ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 h\u00e0n the v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Acid boric c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y. H\u00e0n the c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0, khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nung n\u00f3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n. H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p h\u00e0n the v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e9t c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n sau khi kh\u1eed s\u1ea1ch oxit.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1453\" style=\"width: 158px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1453\" class=\"wp-image-1453 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-35.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"148\" height=\"178\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1453\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 dung l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 thanh h\u00e0n the b\u1ed9t, khi h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 tan ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0n.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giai_doan_nhan_hot\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn h\u1ed9t:<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nh\u1eadn h\u1ed9t l\u00e0 c\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1 qu\u00fd (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u1ed9t) v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1, hay \u1ed5 h\u1ed9t. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng th\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh th\u00ec \u0111\u00e1 m\u1edbi v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ed5, m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1. Do th\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh trang s\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn h\u1ed9t v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trang s\u1ee9c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i s\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u2013 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u1eb1n\u201d. Kh\u1eb1n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ta th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf s\u1eadm, khi h\u01a1 l\u1eeda th\u00ec tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 tan ch\u1ea3y ra. L\u1ea5y \u1ed1ng ph\u1ee5t k\u00e8 l\u1eeda v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1eadt n\u00f3ng r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0a m\u1eabu trang s\u1ee9c v\u00e0o, sao cho m\u1eb7t c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn h\u1ed9t quay l\u00ean ph\u00eda tr\u00ean. \u0110\u1ee3i m\u1ed9t l\u00fac cho kh\u1eb1n th\u1eadt c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 m\u1eabu trang s\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u1eefng trong kh\u1eb1n, khi \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ee3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00ean t\u00e2m c\u1ea9n h\u1ed9t v\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1454\" style=\"width: 264px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1454\" class=\"wp-image-1454 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-36.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"254\" height=\"299\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1454\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1eb7t trang s\u1ee9c v\u00e0o kh\u1eb1n \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00ednh h\u1ed9t.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ed9t khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 kim ho\u00e0n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eafn l\u00ean \u1ed5 h\u1ed9t, ch\u1ea5u\u2026Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 nh\u1eadn h\u1ed9t s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch k\u00edch c\u1ee1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng vi\u00ean r\u1ed3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng nh\u00edp \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang v\u1ecb tr\u00ed d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn, \u00e9p s\u00e1t thanh g\u00e0i (hay ng\u00e0m, ch\u1ea5u, m\u1ea5u, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1\u2026) v\u00e0 vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 sao cho th\u1eadt ch\u1eafc v\u00e0 th\u1eadt ch\u1eb7t. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 ghi nh\u1eadn b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 s\u1ef1 sai l\u1ec7ch ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n n\u00e0o v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 chung c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ra sao l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1eaft th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a th\u1ee3 b\u1ea1c. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra ti\u1ebfp k\u0129 c\u00e0ng c\u1ea3 m\u00f3n trang s\u1ee9c d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00fap ng\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb1n l\u1ea1i, v\u1ed7 v\u1ed7 \u0111\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 xem h\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f3 b\u1ecb r\u1edbt ra kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ed5n, h\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng r\u1edbt ra, vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra coi nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sau khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra, mu\u1ed1n l\u1ea5y m\u00f3n trang s\u1ee9c ra kh\u1ecfi s\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb, th\u1ee3 b\u1ea1c l\u1ea1i kh\u00e8 l\u1eeda v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y ra. L\u00fac n\u00e0y m\u1eabu trang s\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb d\u00ednh m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp kh\u1eb1n c\u1ee9ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf hay nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3c ng\u00e1ch, th\u1ee3 b\u1ea1c s\u1ebd x\u1eed l\u00ed b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ng\u00e2m v\u00e0o x\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee3i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn, ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd r\u1eeda l\u1ea1i cho s\u1ea1ch, r\u1ed3i b\u1ecf v\u00e0o m\u00e1y rung m\u1ed9t l\u00fac l\u00e0 kh\u1eb1n s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t h\u1ebft. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 th\u1ee3 s\u1ebd cho m\u00f3n trang s\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i lon \u0111\u1ef1ng x\u0103ng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t lon n\u00e0y tr\u00ean m\u00e1y rung. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng trang s\u1ee9c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u chi ti\u1ebft ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f3c ng\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00ednh nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1, kh\u1eb1n s\u1ebd b\u00e1m nhi\u1ec1u, do \u0111\u00f3, th\u1eddi gian rung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0i h\u01a1n, l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 10 ph\u00fat. Nh\u1eefng trang s\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 ph\u00fat. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi n\u00f4m na l\u00e0 \u201crung b\u1eb1ng x\u0103ng cho s\u1ea1ch\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sau khi rung xong, th\u1ee3 ph\u1ea3i quay l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, do trong l\u00fac nh\u1eadn h\u1ed9t, trang s\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea7n n\u00e3y s\u1ebd tinh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u00edt h\u01a1n l\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1eabu th\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"GIAI_DOAN_DANH_BONG_XI_MA_TRANG_SUC\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">GIAI \u0110O\u1ea0N \u0110\u00c1NH B\u00d3NG, XI, M\u1ea0 TRANG S\u1ee8C<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e2u g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng cho b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a trang s\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>C\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft g\u1ed3m c\u00f3:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">+ M\u00e1y \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 quay 2800 \u2013 3000 v\u00f2ng\/ ph\u00fat v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng b\u1eb1ng tay c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">+ C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t d\u00f9ng cho v\u1ecb tr\u00ed g\u00f3c, c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t trong ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea9n h\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">+ B\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i, \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 b\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00f3n trang s\u1ee9c b\u00f3ng \u0111\u1eb9p ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 d\u00f9ng hai b\u1ed9 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ri\u00eang, m\u1ed9t cho \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng, m\u1ed9t cho m\u00e0i b\u00f3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giai_doan_danh_bong\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00f3 hai b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho m\u00f3n trang s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng nh\u01b0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng (g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng) l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng v\u00e0 m\u00e0i b\u00f3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1465\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1465\" class=\"wp-image-1465 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-47.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"187\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1465\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng b\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 \u1edf kh\u00e2u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t th\u1eadt c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Khi \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1nh v\u1edbi hai lo\u1ea1i l\u01a1 tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 l\u01a1 \u0111\u1ecf. Theo ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ee3, th\u00ec m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho s\u00e1ng l\u00ean, c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0m cho m\u00f2n \u0111i nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 x\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00e0 qua gi\u1ea5y nh\u00e1m m\u1ecbn. C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">+ L\u01a1 tr\u1eafng th\u00ec \u0111\u00e1nh kh\u00f4, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a l\u01a1 v\u00e0o b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng th\u00f4i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">+ L\u01a1 \u0111\u1ecf th\u00ec c\u1ea1o l\u01a1 ra, qu\u1eady n\u00f3 s\u1ec1n s\u1ec7t v\u1edbi x\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n c\u00e1c c\u1ea1nh m\u00e9p c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eafc s\u1ea3o th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng d9a1 m\u00e0i c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e0i cho nh\u1eefng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 b\u00e1nh m\u00e0i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u00e2y th\u00e9p c\u1ee9ng cho c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n. Ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e0i b\u00f3ng v\u1edbi b\u1ed9t m\u00e0i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng th\u1ea5p, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng xu\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e0i v\u1edbi n\u1ec9. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft, r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 x\u00e0 b\u00f4ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 cho v\u00e0o m\u00e1y rung v\u00e0i ph\u00fat r\u1ed3i lau th\u1eadt kh\u00f4.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giai_doan_xi_ma\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n xi, m\u1ea1<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sau khi m\u00e0i b\u00f3ng xong, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 s\u1eed d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y xi v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc xi \u0111\u1ec3 xi m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y, xi b\u1eb1ng tay. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 n\u0103m l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 xi: xi b\u1ea1c, xi tr\u1eafng, xi v\u00e0ng, xi hai m\u00e0u ho\u1eb7c xi m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ed3ng. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xi b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp plantinum (b\u1ea1ch kim) ho\u1eb7c rhodium (kim lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eafng qu\u00fd) \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f3n trang s\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u00e2u b\u1ecb m\u1edd.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a xi m\u1ea1 l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1eb9p, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a xi m\u1ea1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb9p, cho n\u00ean c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u1edbp xi m\u1ea1 b\u1ecb bong ra, khi\u1ebfn chi ti\u1ebft b\u1ecb r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean x\u1ea5u. Hi\u1ec7n nay, hai m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i l\u00e0: v\u1eeba b\u1ec1n, v\u1eeba \u0111\u1eb9p. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, xi m\u1ea1 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m t\u0103ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00ean. M\u1ed9t m\u00f3n trang s\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0ng sau khi \u0111\u00e3 xi m\u1ea1 ho\u00e0n ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn 1 n\u0103m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111en, trang s\u1ee9c b\u1ea1c s\u1ebd s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong 6 th\u00e1ng, trong khi n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng xi m\u1ea1 th\u00ec s\u1ed1 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3 ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n. D\u0129 nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00f3n trang s\u1ee9c n\u00e0o l\u00e0 s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1eb9p v\u0129nh c\u1eedu. Sau kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c trang s\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cb\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh\u201d, t\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng, xi m\u1ea1 l\u1ea1i, ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m m\u1edd \u0111i nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbc g\u00e2y ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Th\u1eddi gian m\u1ea1 l\u00e2u hay mau l\u00e0 t\u00f9y k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng t\u00f9y theo \u00fd kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng mu\u1ed1n l\u1edbp m\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a trang s\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh d\u00e0y hay m\u1ecfng. N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n d\u00e0y th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e0ng l\u00e2u n\u00f3 s\u1ebd d\u00e0y, c\u00f3 khi \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i ph\u00fat. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, l\u1edbp xi m\u1ea1 c\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng th\u00ec c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1n \u00edt th\u1eddi gian, c\u00f3 khi ch\u1ec9 30s, \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat r\u1ed3i l\u1ea5y trang s\u1ee9c ra.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nguy\u00ean l\u00ed m\u1ea1 chia l\u00e0m hai lo\u1ea1i l\u1edbn, l\u00e0 m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u1ea1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ion.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">+ <em>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng g\u1ed3m c\u00f3: \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c, c\u00e1c b\u1ec3 m\u1ea1 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a dung d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n li v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho x\u1eed l\u00ed v\u1eadt c\u1ea7n m\u1ea1, ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng d\u00f2ng m\u1ea1, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3 nh\u1eb1m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, pH, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y qua dung d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n. Chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ea7n m\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00fang v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c mu\u1ed1i kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n m\u1ea1) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ef1c \u00e2m (kat\u1ed1t). C\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng (an\u1ed1t) l\u00e0 thanh kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t v\u1edbi l\u1edbp m\u1ea1. Khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y qua, nh\u1eefng ion kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u00e0 tan trong dung d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng ion d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n s\u1ebd b\u00e1m l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ea7n m\u1ea1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u2013 L\u1edbp m\u1ea1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m cao, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ea1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u2013 Kim lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed1c (v\u1eadt c\u1ea7n m\u1ea1) kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nung n\u00f3ng do \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u2013 Khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 khi l\u1edbp m\u1ea1 d\u00e0y th\u00ec th\u1eddi gian m\u1ea1 ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0i ra. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa khi l\u1edbp m\u1ea1 d\u00e0y th\u00ec t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u0169ng k\u00e9m \u0111i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c th\u1ee3 xi m\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e0i nh\u1eefng b\u1ec3 m\u1ea1 l\u1edbn, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u1edf quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng h\u0169 th\u1ee7y tinh nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 m\u1ea1 t\u1eebng c\u00e1i. Tuy v\u1eady h\u1ecd c\u0169ng cho bi\u1ebft, trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n quy m\u00f4 h\u01a1n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng b\u1ec3 m\u1ea1 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea1 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u1eefa. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">+<em> Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd m\u1ea1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ion:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">IP ( Ion plating \u2013 M\u1ea1 Ion), \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch (-) hay (+) ho\u00e0 v\u00e0o k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u m\u1ea1ng tinh th\u1ec3 kim lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea1 th\u1ea5m\u00a0 s\u00e2u v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n r\u00e3, theo ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"GIAI_DOAN_PHUN_CAT_MOC_MAY\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">GIAI \u0110O\u1ea0N PHUN C\u00c1T, M\u00d3C M\u00c1Y<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc gia c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc th\u00eam nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t trang tr\u00ed s\u1eafc s\u1ea3o ho\u1eb7c s\u1eafc v\u1eeba, m\u1edd ho\u1eb7c b\u00f3ng \u2026 theo mong mu\u1ed1n cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a trang s\u1ee9c. \u1ede m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trang s\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn m\u1edd \u2013 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t th\u1ee7y tinh v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng li ti, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u00e2n nhuy\u1ec5n, nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5m nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u1ea5y.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Trong thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong gi\u1edbi kim ho\u00e0n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y thanh hay lo\u1ea1i: \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01a1n, t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea1m, t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ea1m tr\u1ed5, ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cham_khac_moc_may\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ch\u1ea1m, kh\u1eafc, m\u00f3c m\u00e1y<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 sau: M\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u0111\u1ee9ng \u2013 t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u1eadt trang s\u1ee9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e1 v\u00e0 g\u00e1 tr\u00ean m\u00e1y, quay b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng tay; ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c tay \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 kim ho\u00e0n s\u1ebd gi\u1eef trang s\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n m\u00f3c b\u1eb1ng tay v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u0169i c\u1eaft. M\u00e1y n\u00e0y d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng khi c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft c\u1eaft, r\u00e3nh \u1edf nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf m\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u0111\u1ee9ng. \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 quay 3500 \u2013 4000 v\u00f2ng\/ ph\u00fat v\u1edbi m\u0169i xo\u00e0n hay m\u0169i <a class=\"hnsa-a-tag\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/cac-yeu-to-chat-luong-cua-kim-cuong-phan-1\/\">Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/a> c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn t\u1eeb 1mm \u0111\u1ebfn 3mm.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 s\u1ebd t\u00f9y theo s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m g\u00ec m\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e1 cho th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u2013 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ni \u2013 \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e1 l\u1eafp chi ti\u1ebft, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i g\u00e1 c\u00f3 x\u1ebb r\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e1c v\u00f2ng ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u0103ng v\u1eeba kh\u00edt. G\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e1 chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0o m\u00e1y, ch\u1ec9nh tr\u1ee5c xoay, r\u1ed3i ch\u1ecdn m\u0169i c\u1eaft ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p g\u1eafn v\u00e0o tr\u1ee5c c\u1eaft. M\u1ed9t ni th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9nh cho m\u00e1y chia th\u00e0nh 120 g\u0103ng, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n tay quay 1 n\u1ea5c l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng ni s\u1ebd quay 1 g\u0103ng, con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. M\u1ed9t tay c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ea1t c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n dao c\u1eaft xu\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7t chi ti\u1ebft. Ph\u1ea7n kim lo\u1ea1i m\u00f3c ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ea1t (m\u1ea1t v\u00e0ng, m\u1ea1t b\u1ea1c\u2026) s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gom l\u1ea1i sau v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 cho kh\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1455\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1455\" class=\"wp-image-1455 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-37.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"212\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1455\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc v\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc hoa v\u0103n b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c tay.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_1456\" style=\"width: 228px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1456\" class=\"wp-image-1456 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-38.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"218\" height=\"300\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1456\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u0111\u1ee9ng.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">H\u00ecnh v\u1ebd d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n trang s\u1ee9c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n decal nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o khi phun c\u00e1t. Trong h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, hai d\u1ea3i m\u00e0u \u0111en s\u1ecdc hai b\u00ean l\u00e0 hai d\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n phun c\u00e1t. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd d\u00e1n decal k\u00edn h\u1ebft c\u1ea3 nh\u1eabn. Sau \u0111\u00f3, l\u1edbp decal \u1edf gi\u1eefa s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00f3c t\u00e1ch \u0111i, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i decal \u1edf hai d\u1ea3i hai b\u00ean. D\u1ea3i gi\u1eefa s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phun c\u00e1t v\u00e0o, sau \u0111\u00f3, hai decal hai b\u00ean s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00f3c b\u1ecf. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1457\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1457\" class=\"wp-image-1457 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-39.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"205\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1457\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Minh h\u1ecda nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n decal khi phun c\u00e1t l\u00ean nh\u1eabn<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_1458\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1458\" class=\"wp-image-1458 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-40.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"181\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1458\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ed1ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phun_cat\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Phun c\u00e1t<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t k\u0129 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft tr\u00ean m\u00f3n trang s\u1ee9c v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea7n phun c\u00e1t theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. B\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u1eaft nh\u1eefng mi\u1ebfng decal c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 che \u0111\u1eady to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3, d\u00e1n ph\u1ee7 l\u00ean trang s\u1ee9c. D\u00f9ng dao m\u1ed5 m\u0169i nh\u1ecf v\u1ea1ch th\u1eadt nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 th\u1eadt c\u1ea9n th\u1eadt nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ea7n phun c\u00e1t l\u00ean. Ch\u00fa \u00fd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e8 m\u0169i dao qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh hay l\u1ee1 tay l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt. Ti\u1ebfp theo sau khi \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 v\u1ea1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00ean decal, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng m\u0169i dao kh\u1ea9y nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 b\u00f3c b\u1ecf \u0111i l\u1edbp decal ph\u1ee7 tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ea1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">D\u00f9ng tay vu\u1ed1t c\u00e1c m\u00e9p d\u00e1n c\u1ee7a decal cho kh\u00edt, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00f3n trang s\u1ee9c v\u00e0o m\u00e1y phun c\u00e1t. C\u00e1t d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 phun l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trang s\u1ee9c l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1t pha l\u00ea nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t. T\u00f9y theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch hay c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1t c\u00f3 k\u00edch c\u1ee1 cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Phun \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1eebng 2 \u2013 3 l\u1edbp l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ra kh\u1ecfi m\u00e1y. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, ta ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c b\u00f3c b\u1ecf h\u1ebft l\u1edbp decal \u0111i l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, tinh t\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi, th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 \u201cch\u01b0a c\u00f3 g\u00ec\u201d, t\u1ee9c v\u1eeba t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd ra, \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9n chu th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea5t bao nhi\u00eau l\u00e2u, c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng th\u1ee3 l\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng ba ng\u00e0y. Trong \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 l\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t hay mau nh\u1ea5t. \u1ede m\u1ed7i c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u0103m ch\u00fat, t\u1ec9 m\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3. V\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng s\u01a1 su\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra khi cho c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa cho ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1459\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1459\" class=\"wp-image-1459 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-41.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1459\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u00e1y phun c\u00e1t<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1460 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-42.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"224\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1461 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-43.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"236\" height=\"299\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1462 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-44.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"221\"><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1463\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1463\" class=\"wp-image-1463 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-45.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"158\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1463\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc nh\u1eabn t\u1eeb s\u00e1p th\u00e0nh th\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yeu_cau_ky_thuat_chung_doi_voi_nhung_quy_trinh_tren\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chung \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng quy tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ean<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 xi m\u1ea1, ta ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u0111\u00fang theo k\u0129 thu\u1eadt an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. Khi n\u1ea5u kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00fac hay ch\u1ebf \u201ch\u1ed9i\u201d, ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea5u th\u1eadt k\u0129, t\u00f9y theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u hay \u00edt. Tranh th\u1eeba th\u1ea3i g\u00e2y l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed, hao h\u1ee5t.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kim lo\u1ea1i qu\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c (kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m trong t\u00ednh to\u00e1n) h\u00f2a l\u1eabn v\u00e0o kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1eb5n b\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t ao, ngay t\u1eeb kh\u00e2u gia c\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i, hay c\u1eaft g\u1ecdt, c\u01b0a, gi\u0169a, u\u1ed1n \u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 k\u1eb9p, b\u00faa, gi\u0169a \u2026 c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp tr\u1ee3 dung (thu\u1ed1c h\u00e0n) \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00f3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m do b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec7t. Ngo\u00e0i ra, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n oxy h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng dung d\u1ecbch axit c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9, tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadt b\u1ecb axit h\u00f2a tan do n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 cao. C\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c r\u00f3t, r\u1eeda ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh an to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo. Axit s\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng h\u01a1i nit\u01a1 \u2013 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng trong x\u01b0\u1edfng. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n tinh luy\u1ec7n kim lo\u1ea1i \u1edf n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1edf v\u00e0 g\u0103ng tay \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c chai axit ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1edf n\u01a1i an to\u00e0n. C\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u2013 d\u00f9 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o \u2013 c\u0169ng n\u00ean ghi nh\u00e3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng tr\u00e1nh nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhung_kho_khan_khi_gia_cong_che_tac_nu_trang\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi gia c\u00f4ng, ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c n\u1eef trang:<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Quy tr\u00ecnh gia c\u00f4ng, ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c trang s\u1ee9c \u2013 n\u1eef trang l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. D\u00f9 l\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0o th\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9, c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u1ec1 kim lo\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 gia c\u00f4ng c\u01a1, l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e2n kim. Ngay c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ng\u1ed3i b\u00e0n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u00ean m\u00e1y, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm v\u1eefng nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ed7, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ed9t, c\u00e1ch ch\u1ea1m h\u1ed9t l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y m\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7, \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu v\u1ebd \u1ea5y s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n do kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>Ngu\u1ed3n: Blogin3d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bao gi\u1edd t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 trang s\u1ee9c \u2013 \u0111\u1ed3 kim ho\u00e0n m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7m tay \u0111\u1ec3 khoan ph\u00e1, m\u00e0i d\u0169a kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0ng,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1464,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[63,64],"tags":[],"yst_prominent_words":[],"class_list":["post-127","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chia-se-kien-thuc","category-thu-vien-chuyen-nganh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/127","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=127"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/127\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5090,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/127\/revisions\/5090"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1464"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=127"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=127"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=127"},{"taxonomy":"yst_prominent_words","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/yst_prominent_words?post=127"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}