{"id":3741,"date":"2021-05-07T16:04:56","date_gmt":"2021-05-07T16:04:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/?p=3741"},"modified":"2021-09-07T09:27:45","modified_gmt":"2021-09-07T09:27:45","slug":"luyen-kim-phan-4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-4\/","title":{"rendered":"LUY\u1ec6N KIM &#8211; PH\u1ea6N 4"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a2ad0074e6e6\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a2ad0074e6e6\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-4\/#U_va_rua_sach\" >\u1ee6 v\u00e0 r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-4\/#U\" >\u1ee6<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-4\/#Cac_huong_dan\" >C\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-4\/#Rua_bang_acid\" >R\u1eeda b\u1eb1ng acid<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-4\/#Cac_quy_dinh_an_toan\" >C\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh an to\u00e0n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-4\/#Cac_dung_dich_khac\" >C\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch kh\u00e1c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-4\/#Loai_bo_acid_du\" >Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf acid d\u01b0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"U_va_rua_sach\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1ee6 v\u00e0 r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1ee6 v\u00e0 r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 hai qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng trong ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c kim ho\u00e0n. Hai qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi r\u00e8n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Khi gia c\u00f4ng, kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u1ee7 m\u1ec1m. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u1ee7 g\u00e2y ra l\u1edbp oxy h\u00f3a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"U\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1ee6<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng\u00a0khi gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb r\u1ea1n n\u1ee9t, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh\u00a0quy tr\u00ecnh \u1ee7\u00a0h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m nung n\u00f3ng kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn\u00a0<em>nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ee7.\u00a0<\/em>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed trong kim lo\u1ea1i s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ng tinh th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ebbo h\u01a1n. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 cao, v\u00ec \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 b\u00ean trong s\u1ebd t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 cao, c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. C\u00e1c\u00a0h\u1ee3p kim\u00a0c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ee7 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau. N\u00f3i chung, v\u00e0ng tinh khi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u1ee7, h\u1ee3p kim 18 karat trong khi gia c\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u1ee7 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1ee6 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean kh\u1ed1i than n\u00f3ng. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 oxy h\u00f3a, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng quan s\u00e1t s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a chi ti\u1ebft \u1ee7.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ed7i kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7 ri\u00eang. B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee7 trong l\u00f2 v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t cho chi ti\u1ebft \u1ee7. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Trong khi gia c\u00f4ng, vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng kim lo\u1ea1i. N\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i nhanh. C\u00e1c thanh b\u1ea1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao (tr\u00ean 750\u00b0C) v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">T\u1ea5m b\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7 v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi th\u1ecfi b\u1ea1c. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean r\u1eeda acid cho th\u1ecfi b\u1ea1c khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean 500\u00b0C. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung d\u00f9ng cho v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u h\u1ee3p kim t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng, tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00f4i khi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i nhanh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo l\u1edbn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i ch\u1eadm.<\/span><\/p>\n<table width=\"812\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"638\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ee7 kim lo\u1ea1i (\u00b0C)<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1ed3ng<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">600 - 700<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">V\u00e0ng<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">600 - 750<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">B\u1ea1c<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">300 - 700<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Platin<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">600 - 1000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">B\u1ea1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"319\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tr\u00ean 750<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_huong_dan\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Khi \u1ee7 d\u00e2y v\u00e0ng m\u1ea3nh ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea5m b\u1ea1c m\u1ecfng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y th\u1ea5m \u01b0\u1edbt d\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o h\u1ed9p kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a than c\u1ee7i, d\u00f9ng m\u1ecf h\u00e0n c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t cho h\u1ed9p kim lo\u1ea1i t\u1eeb ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p nung n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ed9p b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi than c\u1ee7i, \u0111\u1eb7t d\u00e2y v\u00e0o h\u1ed9p v\u00e0 nung n\u00f3ng trong l\u00f2 \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ee7.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh oxy h\u00f3a, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 oxy h\u00f3a kim lo\u1ea1i khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ng\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rua_bang_acid\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">R\u1eeda b\u1eb1ng acid<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sau khi h\u1ee3p kim h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u1ee7, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 l\u1edbp oxy h\u00f3a tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t do ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed3ng trong h\u1ee3p kim v\u00e0 oxy trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Ngo\u00e0i l\u1edbp oxy h\u00f3a, tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1ec7t ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 dung, dung d\u1ecbch h\u00e0n,\u2026 C\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi h\u00e0n. \u0110\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1edbp oxy h\u00f3a, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng dung d\u1ecbch acid \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eeda.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Dung d\u1ecbch 20% acid sulfuric th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eeda v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea1c. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1eeda, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n nung n\u00f3ng dung d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_quy_dinh_an_toan\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh an to\u00e0n<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1ec3 pha dung d\u1ecbch, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i r\u00f3t acid v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc ngu\u1ed9i,\u00a0<em>kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p\u00a0<\/em>th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1448\" style=\"width: 233px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1448\" class=\"wp-image-1448 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T%C3%ACm-Hi%E1%BB%83u-Quy-Tr%C3%ACnh-Ch%E1%BA%BF-T%C3%A1c-M%E1%BA%ABu-Trang-S%E1%BB%A9c-30.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"223\" height=\"151\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-1448\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e1c th\u1ecfi kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trong dung d\u1ecbch acid sulfuric<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">H\u01a1i acid c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00ednh cao, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n pha ch\u1ebf dung d\u1ecbch \u1edf n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Acid c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u00e1y qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ph\u1ecfng da, do \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo k\u00ednh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, mang g\u0103ng cao su, v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_dung_dich_khac\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch kh\u00e1c<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">B\u1ea1n n\u00ean d\u00f9ng 10% acid sulfuric \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m dung d\u1ecbch r\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng thau, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean d\u00f9ng dung d\u1ecbch acid nitric, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eddi gian r\u1eeda ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p trong v\u00e0i gi\u00e2y, do acid n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u00f2a tan \u0111\u1ed3ng thau. Sau khi d\u00f9ng acid nitric, b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y r\u1eeda l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng dung d\u1ecbch 20% acid sulfuric.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng dung d\u1ecbch 1 ph\u1ea7n acid nitric v\u00e0 19 ph\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Dung d\u1ecbch acid sulfuric \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, nh\u01b0ng h\u01a1i acid n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i dung d\u1ecbch d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Dung d\u1ecbch 10 - 20% alumminate kali trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nung n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p kim c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf cho dung d\u1ecbch acid sulfuric ho\u1eb7c nitric.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Dung d\u1ecbch v\u00f4i v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i \u0103n n\u1ea5u s\u00f4i trong n\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng kh\u1eed l\u1edbp oxy h\u00f3a tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u1ed3ng, v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">V\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c th\u00e9p ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch acid, do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft ra kh\u1ecfi dung d\u1ecbch b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i k\u1ec1m b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sau khi r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng acid, b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y nh\u00fang chi ti\u1ebft trong d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y ho\u1eb7c dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea9y h\u1ebft acid v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loai_bo_acid_du\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf acid d\u01b0<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Mu\u1ed1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng trung h\u00f2a acid. Sau khi l\u1ea5y chi ti\u1ebft ra kh\u1ecfi dung d\u1ecbch acid, b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y nh\u00fang chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch carbonate natri \u0111\u1ec3 dung h\u00f2a acid, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p kh\u1eed acid \u1edf c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trong ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ngu\u1ed3n: K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt gia c\u00f4ng kim ho\u00e0n<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"hnsa-a-tag\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-1\/\">LUY\u1ec6N KIM - PH\u1ea6N 1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"hnsa-a-tag\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-2\/\">LUY\u1ec6N KIM - PH\u1ea6N 2<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"hnsa-a-tag\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-3\/\">LUY\u1ec6N KIM - PH\u1ea6N 3<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a class=\"hnsa-a-tag\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-5\/\">LUY\u1ec6N KIM - PH\u1ea6N 5<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u1ee6 v\u00e0 r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch \u1ee6 v\u00e0 r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 hai qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng trong ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c kim ho\u00e0n. Hai qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1eb7c&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":3774,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[63,61],"tags":[],"yst_prominent_words":[],"class_list":["post-3741","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chia-se-kien-thuc","category-kien-thuc-kim-hoan"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3741","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3741"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3741\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3791,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3741\/revisions\/3791"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3774"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3741"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3741"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3741"},{"taxonomy":"yst_prominent_words","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/yst_prominent_words?post=3741"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}