{"id":3755,"date":"2021-05-07T18:15:43","date_gmt":"2021-05-07T18:15:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/?p=3755"},"modified":"2021-09-07T09:27:50","modified_gmt":"2021-09-07T09:27:50","slug":"luyen-kim-phan-5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-5\/","title":{"rendered":"LUY\u1ec6N KIM &#8211; PH\u1ea6N 5"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a2ab81d15560\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a2ab81d15560\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-5\/#Bao_quan_va_thu_hoi_kim_loai\" >B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 thu h\u1ed3i kim lo\u1ea1i<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-5\/#Tinh_luyen\" >Tinh luy\u1ec7n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-5\/#Cac_quy_dinh_an_toan\" >C\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh an to\u00e0n<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-5\/#Ton_that_Hao_hut\" >T\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t (Hao h\u1ee5t)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-5\/#Chat_thai\" >Ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bao_quan_va_thu_hoi_kim_loai\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 thu h\u1ed3i kim lo\u1ea1i<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">B\u1ea1n h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p kim h\u00f3a v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c n\u1ed3i n\u1ea5u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p kim h\u00f3a. Khi n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y trong n\u1ed3i m\u1edbi, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb n\u1ed3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y h\u00e0n the ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 dung kh\u00e1c, tr\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh n\u1ed3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ngu\u1ed9i.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 50%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-3755 gallery-columns-2 gallery-size-thumbnail'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc\/tim-hieu-quy-trinh-che-tac-mau-trang-suc-35\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"148\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T\u00ecm-Hi\u1ec3u-Quy-Tr\u00ecnh-Ch\u1ebf-T\u00e1c-M\u1eabu-Trang-S\u1ee9c-35-148x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-1453\" srcset=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T\u00ecm-Hi\u1ec3u-Quy-Tr\u00ecnh-Ch\u1ebf-T\u00e1c-M\u1eabu-Trang-S\u1ee9c-35-148x150.jpg 148w, https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/T\u00ecm-Hi\u1ec3u-Quy-Tr\u00ecnh-Ch\u1ebf-T\u00e1c-M\u1eabu-Trang-S\u1ee9c-35-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 148px) 100vw, 148px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-1453'>\n\t\t\t\tCh\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 dung l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 thanh h\u00e0n the b\u1ed9t, khi h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 tan ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0n.\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-5\/luyen-kim-phan-5-1\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/LUY\u1ec6N-KIM-PH\u1ea6N-5-1-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-3776\" srcset=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/LUY\u1ec6N-KIM-PH\u1ea6N-5-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/LUY\u1ec6N-KIM-PH\u1ea6N-5-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/LUY\u1ec6N-KIM-PH\u1ea6N-5-1-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/LUY\u1ec6N-KIM-PH\u1ea6N-5-1-75x75.jpg 75w, https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/LUY\u1ec6N-KIM-PH\u1ea6N-5-1.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-3776'>\n\t\t\t\tN\u1ed3i n\u1ea5u kim lo\u1ea1i\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u1ea5u c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i v\u1ee5n, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u00fang theo t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i. B\u1ea1n h\u00e3y t\u00e1ch ri\u00eang c\u00e1c m\u1ea1t gi\u0169a, c\u00e1c v\u1ee5n kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0n, v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0n, sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u1eaft b\u1ed9t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c v\u1ee5n kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Khi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1t d\u0169a ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t, d\u00ednh nhi\u1ec1u kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0n, ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ec ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft, vi\u1ec7c tinh luy\u1ec7n ch\u00fang tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n thu gom v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf tinh luy\u1ec7n. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tinh luy\u1ec7n, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00fat c\u00e1c b\u1ed9t s\u1eaft. N\u1ebfu m\u1ea1t gi\u0169a c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y ng\u00e2m ch\u00fang trong dung d\u1ecbch acid nitric \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed3ng, b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c. Khi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0i gi\u1edd, b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y r\u00f3t ph\u1ea7n dung d\u1ecbch ra ngo\u00e0i, r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5t. Ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y v\u1edbi h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p h\u00e0n the v\u00e0 carbonate natri.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y m\u1ea1t gi\u0169a l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. B\u1ea1n h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p h\u00e0n the v\u00e0 carbonate natri v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y trong n\u1ed3i, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p l\u1eafng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t kim lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y n\u1ed3i. B\u1ea1n h\u00e3y khu\u1ea5y kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1ecfng b\u1eb1ng thanh graphite. Sau khi h\u1ee3p kim h\u00f3a, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kim lo\u1ea1i qu\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c h\u00f2a l\u1eabn v\u00e0o kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ec, thi\u1ebfc, nh\u00f4m\u2026 khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi v\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1c. M\u1ed9t gam ch\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ebfn 1 kilogram v\u00e0ng. Khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean b\u00e0n th\u1ee3, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00eau tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng l\u1eabn v\u00e0o h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c v\u1ee5n kim lo\u1ea1i. Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed khi n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0ng, c\u00f3 m\u1ea3nh thi\u1ebfc r\u01a1i v\u00e0o n\u1ed3i n\u1ea5u, v\u00e0ng c\u00f3 l\u1eabn thi\u1ebfc s\u1ebd b\u1ecb gi\u00f2n, khi c\u00e1n th\u00e0nh t\u1ea5m ho\u1eb7c thanh s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1ec7t r\u1ea1n n\u1ee9t, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf thi\u1ebfc ra kh\u1ecfi v\u00e0ng s\u1ebd t\u1ed1n th\u00eam th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed. N\u1ebfu trong th\u1ecfi v\u00e0ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t do t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u00e2m thanh tr\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ee5c khi th\u1ea3 t\u1eeb tr\u00ean cao xu\u1ed1ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_luyen\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tinh luy\u1ec7n<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch v\u00e0ng ra kh\u1ecfi h\u1ee3p kim ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t ra kh\u1ecfi v\u00e0ng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Quy tr\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ee3p kim h\u00f3a v\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n tinh luy\u1ec7n, theo t\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 1 ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0ng \u2013 4 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng. Sau khi n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y c\u00e1n ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y kho\u1ea3ng 0.3mm v\u00e0 c\u1eaft th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c mi\u1ebfng vu\u00f4ng 1cm. B\u1ea1n h\u00e3y ng\u00e2m c\u00e1c mi\u1ebfng vu\u00f4ng n\u00e0y trong dung d\u1ecbch m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n acid nitric \u2013 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi acid d\u1eebng s\u00f4i, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 khi b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam acid, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t. B\u1ea1n h\u00e3y r\u00f3t dung d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y ra v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5t. Khi v\u00e0ng kh\u00f4 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tuy r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0ng quy tr\u00ecnh tinh luy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ch\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c. Sau khi tinh luy\u1ec7n, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a v\u00e0ng. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0ng n\u00e0y 33.33%, do \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a v\u00e0ng 18, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean d\u00f9ng 32% h\u1ee3p kim.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_quy_dinh_an_toan\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh an to\u00e0n<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Acid s\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng h\u01a1i nit\u01a1, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng trong x\u01b0\u1edfng. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n tinh luy\u1ec7n kim lo\u1ea1i \u1edf n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 th\u1edf v\u00e0 g\u0103ng tay \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n c\u00e1c chai acid \u1edf n\u01a1i an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ghi nh\u00e3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Khi c\u00f3 tai n\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y r\u1eeda ph\u1ea7n da b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m acid b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh s\u01a1 c\u1ee9u ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ton_that_Hao_hut\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">T\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t (Hao h\u1ee5t)<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Khi gia c\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t (hao h\u1ee5t) kim lo\u1ea1i. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t (hao h\u1ee5t) x\u1ea3y ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ee3p kim h\u00f3a do c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t qu\u00e1 cao. C\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00ednh v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh n\u1ed3i nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. S\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p kim h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u1ee7 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c l\u1edbp oxy h\u00f3a, l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t (hao h\u1ee5t) kim lo\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7c r\u1eeda acid c\u0169ng g\u00e2y ra t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t (hao h\u1ee5t). B\u1ea1n n\u00ean d\u00f9ng ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 dung khi \u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kim lo\u1ea1i t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t (hao h\u1ee5t).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Gi\u0169a, c\u01b0a v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng c\u0169ng g\u00e2y ra t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t (hao h\u1ee5t) kim lo\u1ea1i, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf d\u1ea1ng b\u1ee5i ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thu h\u1ed3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t (hao h\u1ee5t), b\u1ea1n n\u00ean d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 t\u00fai v\u1ea3i v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00fat b\u1ee5i, ngo\u00e0i ra b\u00e0n th\u1ee3 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn thu h\u1ed3i m\u1ea1t gi\u0169a v\u00e0 v\u1ee5n kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3777\" style=\"width: 260px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3777\" class=\"wp-image-3777 \" src=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/LUY%E1%BB%86N-KIM-PH%E1%BA%A6N-5-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"515\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-3777\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">M\u00e1y \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng trang s\u1ee9c<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">B\u1ea1n h\u00e3y thu h\u1ed3i c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n t\u1eeb b\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n, t\u1eeb dung d\u1ecbch l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1eeda tay sau khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i qu\u00fd trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chat_thai\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">B\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i tinh luy\u1ec7n chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, do s\u1ef1 thu h\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kim lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n gi\u1eef s\u1ea1ch n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang v\u00e0o t\u1eebng h\u1ed9p ch\u1ee9a ri\u00eang. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i l\u1ecfng, sau khi thu h\u1ed3i kim lo\u1ea1i, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n trung h\u00f2a ho\u1eb7c x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ea3i b\u1ecf.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>Ngu\u1ed3n: K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt gia c\u00f4ng kim ho\u00e0n &amp; S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a class=\"hnsa-a-tag\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-1\/\">LUY\u1ec6N KIM - PH\u1ea6N 1<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"hnsa-a-tag\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-2\/\">LUY\u1ec6N KIM - PH\u1ea6N 2<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"hnsa-a-tag\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-3\/\">LUY\u1ec6N KIM - PH\u1ea6N 3<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"hnsa-a-tag\" href=\"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/luyen-kim-phan-4\/\">LUY\u1ec6N KIM - PH\u1ea6N 4<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 thu h\u1ed3i kim lo\u1ea1i B\u1ea1n h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p kim h\u00f3a v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c n\u1ed3i n\u1ea5u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":3778,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[63,61],"tags":[],"yst_prominent_words":[],"class_list":["post-3755","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chia-se-kien-thuc","category-kien-thuc-kim-hoan"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3755","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3755"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3755\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3963,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3755\/revisions\/3963"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3778"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3755"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3755"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3755"},{"taxonomy":"yst_prominent_words","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trangdoan.vn\/kythuatkimhoan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/yst_prominent_words?post=3755"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}